Legislature(2021 - 2022)ADAMS 519

05/03/2021 01:30 PM House FINANCE

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* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+ HB 34 NAMING VIETNAM HELI. PILOTS' MEM. BRIDGE TELECONFERENCED
Moved HB 34 Out of Committee
-- Public Testimony --
+ HB 19 LIMITED TEACHER CERTIFICATES; LANGUAGES TELECONFERENCED
Heard & Held
-- Public Testimony --
+ HB 157 APOC; REPORT REFERENDA/RECALL CONTRIBUTOR TELECONFERENCED
Heard & Held
+ HB 182 EXTEND FISHERY RESOURCE LAND. TAX CREDIT TELECONFERENCED
Scheduled but Not Heard
+ Bills Previously Heard/Scheduled TELECONFERENCED
+= HB 151 UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS FOR COVID-19 TELECONFERENCED
Moved CSHB 151(FIN) Out of Committee
HOUSE BILL NO. 19                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     "An Act relating to instruction in a language other                                                                        
     than English; and establishing limited language                                                                            
     immersion teacher certificates."                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
2:21:52 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE KREISS-TOMKINS,  SPONSOR, explained  that the                                                                    
bill  related  to  teacher   certification.  He  noted  that                                                                    
identical  legislation  had  been offered  in  the  previous                                                                    
legislature. He added that some  legislators may recall very                                                                    
similar legislation  two legislatures back, which  passed by                                                                    
a  40-0 vote.  The  bill would  create  a limited  teacher's                                                                    
certificate for teachers in the  field of immersion language                                                                    
education. He stated there were  two sides to the topic. The                                                                    
first  was  world  language  education,  which  he  believed                                                                    
people in  Southcentral Alaska were  very familiar  with. He                                                                    
elaborated that  the Anchorage School  District (ASD)  had a                                                                    
diverse,  nationally leading  program of  immersion language                                                                    
education  from Japanese  to French  to Russian.  The second                                                                    
side of  the utility of  the limited certificate  was Native                                                                    
language  education.   He  highlighted  a   Yupik  immersion                                                                    
language  elementary school  in Bethel.  He relayed  that in                                                                    
the  Yukon  Kuskokwim  (YK)  region  there  was  substantial                                                                    
interest  in   starting  other  Native   language  immersion                                                                    
programs around  the state. He  added that the  ASD recently                                                                    
launched a Yupik language immersion program as well.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Representative Kreiss-Tomkins  relayed that  HB 19  spoke to                                                                    
many of the unique  challenges associated with launching and                                                                    
maintaining immersion  language programs. He added  that the                                                                    
programs  were  nearly  universally  popular  with  parents,                                                                    
educators, school board members,  and districts. He stressed                                                                    
it  was  very  difficult within  the  current  certification                                                                    
system to be able to  recruit and certify teachers. The bill                                                                    
provided flexibility  in the ability to  recruit and certify                                                                    
fluent teachers in the languages.  He relayed that districts                                                                    
were desperate  for the  solution proposed  in the  bill and                                                                    
had been asking  for it for years. He  hoped the legislature                                                                    
could  act  and  deliver  on the  promise  and  demand  from                                                                    
teachers and educators on immersion language education.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Representative Josephson  stated that  the country  had many                                                                    
lawfully  admitted non-citizens  who spoke  Spanish, French,                                                                    
German,  and Japanese,  for example.  He asked  if the  bill                                                                    
would  allow  them to  obtain  a  teaching certificate  that                                                                    
would  enable  them to  teach  math,  science, history,  and                                                                    
other topics.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Representative Kreiss-Tompkins replied  that it depended. He                                                                    
explained the  answer was no  if the person was  teaching in                                                                    
the  English language,  while the  answer was  maybe if  the                                                                    
person  was  teaching in  their  "target  language" such  as                                                                    
Yupik or  Russian depending  on the  regulations promulgated                                                                    
by  the  Department  of   Education  and  Early  Development                                                                    
(DEED), which were regulatory powers  given to the agency in                                                                    
the  legislation. He  relayed it  would be  up to  the state                                                                    
board  and the  Board of  Education in  order to  promulgate                                                                    
whatever sideboards they  saw fit in terms of  what could be                                                                    
taught.  He  stated it  was  conceivable  that the  entities                                                                    
could see  the option as  appropriate and if so,  the answer                                                                    
to Representative Josephson's question would be yes.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:25:44 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Josephson believed  there  was  a dearth  of                                                                    
fluent indigenous  language speakers  for some  languages in                                                                    
Alaska. He  did not believe  it was  the case for  the Yupik                                                                    
language. He  shared that he  had lived in the  Yupik region                                                                    
for  three  years.  He  remarked   that  the  committee  had                                                                    
recently heard  a bill from  Representative Andi  Story that                                                                    
existed partly  because of the  concern. He asked if  it was                                                                    
currently difficult  to find  suitable candidates  in Alaska                                                                    
to  teach  classical  language  programs  such  as  Spanish,                                                                    
French, and  German. He  used his alma  mater, West  High in                                                                    
Anchorage as an example.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tompkins  answered  that  a  Japanese                                                                    
class at  West High would not  fall under the category  of a                                                                    
language  immersion  program  and  would  fall  outside  the                                                                    
parameters of  the bill. He  could not speak  to traditional                                                                    
foreign  language classes,  which  were treated  differently                                                                    
than immersion language programs.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Merrick  noted that Representative Wool  had joined                                                                    
the meeting earlier.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Representative  LeBon  provided  a  scenario  where  a  high                                                                    
school   offered  traditional   language  courses   such  as                                                                    
Spanish,  French,   and  German,  in  addition   to  a  non-                                                                    
traditional  language  such  as  Chinese. He  asked  if  the                                                                    
student  taking  Chinese as  a  substitution  for the  other                                                                    
languages would receive equal credit  if the school district                                                                    
required a language credit for graduation.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tompkins asked  for a  repeat of  the                                                                    
question.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Representative  LeBon complied.  He  asked  if an  immersion                                                                    
language  course would  be considered  an elective  that was                                                                    
not part  of the  language requirements for  graduation. For                                                                    
example,  he asked  if a  student would  still need  to take                                                                    
Spanish to meet the language requirement for graduation.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:29:30 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative   Kreiss-Tompkins   provided  context   about                                                                    
immersion language programs. He  explained that the programs                                                                    
typically started in elementary  school in kindergarten. For                                                                    
example, first  graders were in  a mostly  Japanese language                                                                    
environment  and often  tracked  through  middle school.  He                                                                    
explained that  immersion programs typically tapered  off at                                                                    
the end of middle school  when students were fully fluent in                                                                    
the target  language (e.g.,  Russian, Japanese,  Yupik). The                                                                    
elaborated   that  in   high  school   there  may   be  some                                                                    
maintenance  of the  language, but  they were  already fully                                                                    
fluent and were  in a normal high school  curriculum. He did                                                                    
not  know  what the  ASD  did  when students  entering  high                                                                    
school  were  fully  fluent in  Japanese.  He  assumed  that                                                                    
because of a  student's completion of a  Japanese program in                                                                    
their elementary and middle school  years that their foreign                                                                    
language requirements were satisfied for graduation.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Merrick  shared that as  a mother of a  freshman at                                                                    
Chugiak  High School,  many  of the  kids  from the  Spanish                                                                    
immersion class  attended the high  school and  she believed                                                                    
some of  their required  courses were  taken in  the foreign                                                                    
language.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Representative LeBon shared that his  daughter had been in a                                                                    
Japanese  immersion program  beginning in  elementary school                                                                    
through  middle school.  He explained  that her  high school                                                                    
did not  have Japanese and  she had taken French  to fulfill                                                                    
the graduation language requirement.  He shared that she had                                                                    
received  a university  degree in  Japanese studies.  He was                                                                    
trying to  ascertain whether  students would  receive credit                                                                    
towards  the language  requirement for  graduation. Under  a                                                                    
scenario  where  credit was  received,  he  asked about  the                                                                    
standard  for proficiency  required to  earn the  credit. He                                                                    
wanted  the  option available  in  schools  for students  to                                                                    
learn a language that may  not traditionally be offered, but                                                                    
if  the state  was granting  credit for  a foreign  language                                                                    
towards   graduation,  there   had  to   be  standards   and                                                                    
proficiency met.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
2:32:44 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tompkins thought  it  was a  decision                                                                    
made at  the school  district level  how any  given district                                                                    
chose  to  accord  credit for  completion  of  an  immersion                                                                    
language program.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Representative LeBon agreed that  school boards measured and                                                                    
decided  the  question. He  stated  the  easy answer  for  a                                                                    
school  board  was  to   provide  the  traditional  language                                                                    
classes  and  make immersion  an  elective  or after  school                                                                    
program, not credited toward graduation.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:33:47 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Vice-Chair Ortiz  thanked the bill sponsor  for bringing the                                                                    
legislation  forward. He  spoke the  effort to  do what  was                                                                    
possible  to  help  preserve  Alaska  Native  languages.  He                                                                    
understood that the bill did  not address the specific goal.                                                                    
He cited language  in the sectional analysis  (copy on file)                                                                    
stating that "a  person may only receive  a limited language                                                                    
immersion   teaching   certificate   if   they   demonstrate                                                                    
instructional   skills   and    subject   matter   expertise                                                                    
sufficient  to   assure  the  public  that   the  person  is                                                                    
competent as a teacher." He  considered the language to mean                                                                    
that a  person would have to  prove they had the  ability to                                                                    
be  a  teacher  and  that  they  could  teach  some  of  the                                                                    
different subject  matter skills  in the language.  He asked                                                                    
where the proof would be shown  in the process. He asked how                                                                    
it would take place.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Representative Kreiss-Tompkins  answered that  the specifics                                                                    
would be promulgated by DEED.  The bill provided directional                                                                    
guidance codified in  statute for the agency to  build out a                                                                    
regulatory structure.  He thought it  may be helpful  to the                                                                    
committee to  "game out" what certification  contemplated by                                                                    
the bill  would look like.  He elaborated that if  a teacher                                                                    
was  identified  to  teach  an  immersion  language  program                                                                    
(e.g., a Tlingit language program  in Juneau or Ketchikan or                                                                    
an  Armenian  program  in   Anchorage)  the  district  would                                                                    
communicate they  wanted the teacher,  and the  school board                                                                    
would have  to affirmatively  vote to  sponsor certification                                                                    
of  the  teacher.  He  used  Representative  LeBon's  former                                                                    
experience on the  Fairbanks School Board as  an example and                                                                    
explained that the  board would have to vote  to approve the                                                                    
teacher. He  elaborated that approval would  subsequently be                                                                    
required by the  State Board of Education.  He relayed there                                                                    
were many hoops and checks the process had to go through.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Representative Kreiss-Tomkins expounded  that throughout the                                                                    
process with the superintendent  and school board sponsoring                                                                    
the application for licensure and  the approval on the state                                                                    
level the  questions on a person's  instructional skills and                                                                    
subject  matter expertise  would be  adjudicated at  each of                                                                    
the levels along  the way. He believed there  would be ample                                                                    
review. He elaborated that if  one of the reviewing entities                                                                    
along  the  way  did  not  feel  good  about  the  licensure                                                                    
application,  they would  say  no. He  stated  that how  the                                                                    
standard would be adjudicated was a very relevant process.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
2:38:01 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative Wool  asked how often the  process would take                                                                    
place once  approved. He  asked if  an application  would be                                                                    
approved for a period of one year or longer.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tompkins  answered that  the  initial                                                                    
certificate would be valid for one  year as shown on page 2,                                                                    
lines 17  and 18  of the  bill. He stated  there may  be the                                                                    
option of  extension or renewal; it  would be up to  DEED to                                                                    
determine the issue in regulation.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Representative Wool  believed there was currently  a similar                                                                    
fast-track  certification process  for indigenous  languages                                                                    
for non-certified teachers.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tompkins  agreed. He  elaborated  the                                                                    
specific  teacher  licensure  was  known  as  "type  M"  for                                                                    
indigenous language in a  non-immersion format. He explained                                                                    
that the  real focus of  the bill was on  immersion language                                                                    
programs where  elementary and  middle schoolers  were fully                                                                    
immersed in all subjects in  the target language. He relayed                                                                    
that  the existing  type M  licensure section  also included                                                                    
vocational  and  technical  education.  For  example,  if  a                                                                    
person was  a skilled welder  and the district  thought they                                                                    
would do well teaching classes,  they could bring the person                                                                    
in  to teach.  He believed  military, arts,  and science  or                                                                    
education existed under the type M section.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
2:40:20 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Josephson   referenced  schools   that  were                                                                    
broadly considered  to be extremely  successful such  as the                                                                    
Rilke  [Schule German]  School in  Anchorage.  He asked  for                                                                    
verification  that  a student  could  graduate  with a  high                                                                    
school diploma from Rilke.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Representative   Kreiss-Tompkins   believed   Representative                                                                    
Josephson was accurate.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Josephson  hoped  the Rilke  School  offered                                                                    
physics  and  calculus. He  asked  how  the school  hired  a                                                                    
German proficient  person for  the [teaching]  positions. He                                                                    
asked if  instructors had to  prove they were  proficient in                                                                    
math and science in addition to German.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tompkins  replied  that it  would  be                                                                    
valuable  to  hear  from  the  ASD  director  of  the  world                                                                    
language  program who  had  been a  strong  advocate of  the                                                                    
policy in the  proposed and past legislation.  He noted that                                                                    
the director had been through  every travail and tribulation                                                                    
to  try to  keep  the immersion  language programs  staffed.                                                                    
Additionally,  staff and  leadership  at Fronteras  [Spanish                                                                    
Immersion  Charter  School}  in   Wasilla  had  shared  many                                                                    
anecdotes. He  stated that education leaders  trying to keep                                                                    
and expand the  programs, mostly in response  to demand from                                                                    
parents  and students,  were sometimes  forced to  resort to                                                                    
creative and  non-ideal means to  keep good teachers  in the                                                                    
classroom. For  example, there could be  indefinite or long-                                                                    
term substitutes  who had expertise in  language and another                                                                    
subject as well. He added  that schools often recruited from                                                                    
the countries  in question for world  language programs. For                                                                    
example,  teachers were  recruited  from  Columbia to  teach                                                                    
Spanish programs  but if there was  not the time to  get the                                                                    
teacher  certificated, they  may teach  as a  substitute. He                                                                    
noted his answer  was a composite of anecdotes  he had heard                                                                    
over the years.  He stated that the situation was  kind of a                                                                    
nightmare  and the  individuals  involved  could speak  more                                                                    
authoritatively on the topic.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:43:19 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Wool   stated  his  understanding   that  as                                                                    
students  progressed  along  their educational  career  that                                                                    
some  classes  in  an  immersion  school  such  as  physics,                                                                    
chemistry, and calculus may be taught in English.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tompkins  agreed.  He  recalled  that                                                                    
most  immersion  programs began  with  a  blend between  the                                                                    
target language  and English. He  believed that  as students                                                                    
got older  and progressed  through subsequent  grade levels,                                                                    
the proportion  of English relative  to the  target language                                                                    
increased. For  example, as students entered  middle school,                                                                    
an increasing portion  of the day was in  English versus the                                                                    
target language as fluency got  closer to being achieved. He                                                                    
believed he  recalled previous testimony on  the legislation                                                                    
that in the immersion  language programs, superintendents or                                                                    
principals try  to get  the fluent  teachers to  optimize or                                                                    
maximize  for  their  fluency. He  believed  Russian  fluent                                                                    
teachers typically  were not teaching  English in  a Russian                                                                    
language immersion program  because it was the  value add to                                                                    
the program.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Wool recalled  speaking  to  someone on  his                                                                    
local school board after learning  about the legislation. He                                                                    
relayed  that  the person  had  told  him they  were  having                                                                    
difficulty  finding a  Spanish or  French teacher.  He noted                                                                    
that  the  legislation  was  for  an  immersion  school.  He                                                                    
believed there  was a current shortage  of language teachers                                                                    
in  both immersion  and non-immersion  schools. He  surmised                                                                    
the  bill  would not  address  the  shortage. He  asked  for                                                                    
verification that  a person from  a foreign country  who was                                                                    
teacher certified  could not apply  for a job as  a Japanese                                                                    
teacher   in   a   non-immersion  school.   He   asked   for                                                                    
verification  that  the  bill   only  applied  to  immersion                                                                    
schools and not traditional high  schools that may also need                                                                    
a foreign language teacher.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tompkins replied  that Representative                                                                    
Wool's  statements   were  correct,  broadly   speaking.  He                                                                    
highlighted that  the title  of the  bill indicated  that it                                                                    
focused on immersion  programs. He did not  expect the State                                                                    
Board  of  Education would  approve  someone  to work  as  a                                                                    
normal Spanish  language teacher  at a  non-immersion school                                                                    
[as a result of the legislation].                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
2:48:01 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Merrick moved to invited testimony.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REID MADGANZ, SELF, KOTZEBUE  (via teleconference), shared a                                                                    
personal story about  his upbringing. He had  been raised in                                                                    
Kotzebue  after his  parents  moved from  the  Lower 48.  He                                                                    
relayed that he had left the  state to go to college and had                                                                    
returned five years  later. He shared that he  had worked as                                                                    
staff in the legislature upon  his return. He had moved back                                                                    
to Kotzebue and was learning  Inupiaq and felt very lucky to                                                                    
be among  those who would  help revitalize the  language. He                                                                    
was  talking  with  friends around  the  state  about  their                                                                    
experiences with  the education  system in the  early stages                                                                    
of  an  effort  to   help  schools  better  serve  students,                                                                    
especially in rural Alaska.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Madganz relayed  that  his  statements represented  his                                                                    
experience,  particularly as  a former  student in  Alaska's                                                                    
public    schools   and    working   on    Native   language                                                                    
revitalization. He  spoke primarily  from the  rural Alaskan                                                                    
perspective. He read from prepared remarks:                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     HB 19  directly addresses what I've  come to understand                                                                    
     as  the  most  important barrier  to  greater  academic                                                                    
     success for rural Alaska students.  That barrier is not                                                                    
     the  size   of  the  school,  it's   not  the  inherent                                                                    
     intelligence  of our  children,  it's  not whatever  is                                                                    
     going  on in  the community  outside the  school walls,                                                                    
     it's relevance  or more accurately,  the lack of  it. I                                                                    
     was  talking to  a  friend here  in  town earlier  this                                                                    
     winter, an  elementary school teacher  whose curriculum                                                                    
     on transportation  was instructing  her to  teach about                                                                    
     subways. To teach elementary kids  in Kotzebue who have                                                                    
     almost certainly never seen a  subway, some of whom may                                                                    
     never see a  subway. Meanwhile, if she  wanted to teach                                                                    
     them  about snowmachines  in  her transportation  unit,                                                                    
     she would  have had  to draw on  her own  experience to                                                                    
     build that  lesson. Is it  any wonder then that  we see                                                                    
     students lose  interest in  school, then  lose interest                                                                    
     in  learning,  then   be  seen  as  only   one  of  the                                                                    
     underwhelming statistics  that we're all aware  of when                                                                    
     it comes to  rural Alaska education?  It's  a process I                                                                    
     saw  repeated in  classmate after  classmate as  I went                                                                    
     through school here in Kotzebue.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     The  goal  of  HB  19  is to  change  this  dynamic  by                                                                    
     supporting  the   development  of   language  immersion                                                                    
     programs that will  offer instruction directly relevant                                                                    
     to  the experience  of rural  Alaska students.  We know                                                                    
     from the experience  of schools in our  own state, like                                                                    
     Ayaprun Elitnaurvik  in Bethel,  as well as  schools in                                                                    
     Hawaii, the Lower 48, and  around the world, that well-                                                                    
     crafted immersion programs  offering curricula relevant                                                                    
     to  their community  and  students  can raise  academic                                                                    
     achievement  and  success  across the  board  in  every                                                                    
     subject for students of any race.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     So, what  is the  barrier to  this vision?  The biggest                                                                    
     one  is the  lack of  teachers. We  have teachers  with                                                                    
     certifications from universities,  we have teachers who                                                                    
     are rooted  in their  communities and  who know  or are                                                                    
     learning their  language. We have  very, very  few that                                                                    
     are  both.  So, for  any  school  district a  group  of                                                                    
     community  members   wanting  to  start   an  immersion                                                                    
     school,  the immediate  challenge is  how to  staff it.                                                                    
     The challenge  is so daunting  that most  efforts never                                                                    
     get off  the ground or  require to operate  outside the                                                                    
     public school  system where they  struggle to  grow and                                                                    
     sustain themselves due to funding constraints.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     HB  19  tackles  this  problem   head  on,  offering  a                                                                    
     realistic and pragmatic path to  start and maintain the                                                                    
     sorts  of   immersion  schools  that  have   proven  so                                                                    
     successful here in Alaska  and elsewhere. It recognizes                                                                    
     that  the best  preparation  for  providing a  relevant                                                                    
     education  to   our  students,  especially   when  that                                                                    
     education is delivered through a  Native language, is a                                                                    
     life in those students'  communities, not necessarily a                                                                    
     university teacher program in the Lower 48.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     HB  19 provides  a  path for  school  districts to  get                                                                    
     those  teachers  into  our classrooms,  those  teachers                                                                    
     most  likely to  kindle  the fire  of  learning in  our                                                                    
     students  within regulatory  parameters established  by                                                                    
     the  Department of  Education and  the  State Board  of                                                                    
     Education.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     I  want to  end with  a  quick story.  Kotzebue has  an                                                                    
     Inupiaq immersion  school, a  tribal school run  by the                                                                    
     local tribal  government named  Nikaitchuat Ilisagviat.                                                                    
     It  serves at  various  times a  set  of students  from                                                                    
     three  years   old  to  second  grade.   It's  been  in                                                                    
     operation  for  23  years  and   for  the  best  of  my                                                                    
     knowledge  has  never   had  state  certified  teachers                                                                    
     because  to   my  knowledge  there  aren't   any  state                                                                    
     certified teachers who can speak  fluent Inupiaq in the                                                                    
     Northwest  Arctic  Borough.  The students  that  attend                                                                    
     Nikaitchaut  move  to  public school  sometime  between                                                                    
     first and  third grade. When  they do, they  lead their                                                                    
     classes by example, examples  of respect, behavior, and                                                                    
     leadership. As  they move  through school,  many former                                                                    
     Nikaitchaut  students  often   lead  their  classes  in                                                                    
     academic performance. This is  a small sample, but it's                                                                    
     a promise  of what we can  have more of and  what HB 19                                                                    
     can help bring about on  a broader scale. Thank you for                                                                    
     your time today and I'm happy to answer any questions.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
2:54:39 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Merrick OPENED public testimony.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
NATASHA  SINGH, GENERAL  COUNSEL,  TANANA CHIEFS  CONFERENCE                                                                    
(via   teleconference),   testified   in  support   of   the                                                                    
legislation on  behalf of the  Tanana Chiefs  Conference and                                                                    
the Alaska  Regional Coalition,  which included  four Alaska                                                                    
Native regional nonprofits and  one regional tribe including                                                                    
the  Tanana  Chiefs   Conference,  Kawerak,  Inc.,  Maniilaq                                                                    
Association, Chugachmiut, and  Central Council Tlingit-Haida                                                                    
Indian  Tribes of  Alaska representing  100 communities  and                                                                    
65,000 Alaskans. She relayed that  language diversity in the                                                                    
state provided  enrichment. She stated that  world languages                                                                    
were  great for  the economy  and indigenous  languages held                                                                    
the sciences  that developed  in this  land for  over 20,000                                                                    
years. She  elaborated that Native  languages are  the basis                                                                    
of Native culture and identity.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Ms.  Singh  furthered  that teaching  Native  languages  had                                                                    
proven  to increase  graduation rates  and improve  academic                                                                    
achievements. She  stated that  the bill  provided a  way to                                                                    
help  elevate  and  preserve Alaska  Native  languages.  She                                                                    
urged the committee to pass the bill.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
2:57:10 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
NORM  WOOTEN, DIRECTOR  OF ADVOCACY,  ASSOCIATION OF  ALASKA                                                                    
SCHOOL BOARDS (via teleconference),  spoke in support of the                                                                    
bill.  He  shared  that  the association  had  a  number  of                                                                    
resolutions  supporting   the  preservation   of  indigenous                                                                    
languages  and  by  extension,  any  language  native  to  a                                                                    
culture.  He communicated  that he  had hosted  a number  of                                                                    
foreign exchange students over the  years, and he was almost                                                                    
embarrassed to  say that native  born Americans  were almost                                                                    
last  in being  bilingual. He  stated that  in nearly  every                                                                    
other country, bilingualism was a commonality.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Wooten  stated that regarding indigenous  languages, the                                                                    
quickest way  to eliminate  a culture  was to  eliminate the                                                                    
language. He  detailed that it  had come close  to occurring                                                                    
in Alaska in  the recent past when  many indigenous citizens                                                                    
were sent  to boarding  school and prohibited  from speaking                                                                    
their language.  He encouraged the committee  to support the                                                                    
legislation  and  pass it  from  committee.  He thanked  the                                                                    
committee for the opportunity to testify.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Merrick CLOSED public testimony.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Josephson  addressed  a question  to  Sondra                                                                    
Meredith  with   the  Department  of  Education   and  Early                                                                    
Development. He  referenced a letter  of support  from Deena                                                                    
Bishop, Superintendent of the  Anchorage School District. He                                                                    
noted that  at the end  of page 1  of the letter  she talked                                                                    
about DEED's  program enrollment  option. He  understood the                                                                    
program  to  require  candidates  to  enroll  in  a  teacher                                                                    
education  program  at the  same  time  they were  teaching.                                                                    
Additionally,  Ms.  Bishop  referred  to  "type  W"  limited                                                                    
certificates  and  noted  they require  teacher  preparation                                                                    
programs. He asked  if he should be  concerned that everyone                                                                    
else still  had to  study education for  1.5 years,  but the                                                                    
class  of people  addressed  in  the bill  may  not have  to                                                                    
fulfill the same requirement.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
SONDRA   MEREDITH,  ADMINISTRATOR,   TEACHER  CERTIFICATION,                                                                    
DEPARTMENT   OF  EDUCATION   AND   EARLY  DEVELOPMENT   (via                                                                    
teleconference),  answered  there   were  some  examples  in                                                                    
current statutes  allowing for the situation  under the type                                                                    
M  certificate  including  language and  culture,  ROTC  and                                                                    
military  science, and  vocational education.  She explained                                                                    
that  the  aforementioned  subjects  had  been  longstanding                                                                    
allowances in  statute. She  elaborated that  the individual                                                                    
districts had monitored the skills  of the individuals under                                                                    
the certificates  for a  number of  years to  great success.                                                                    
She believed that while there  were traditional pathways [to                                                                    
become a  teacher], the certificate  in the  bill recognized                                                                    
there were  other ways to  gather the skills outside  of the                                                                    
typical university experience.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Representative   Josephson  referenced   testimony  by   Mr.                                                                    
Madganz where  he talked about  education a  person gathered                                                                    
through  experience as  opposed to  teacher training  in the                                                                    
classical  sense.  He had  concern  that  critics of  public                                                                    
schools  could say  that  teachers are  not  bred, they  are                                                                    
born. He asked if his concerns were merited.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
3:03:18 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Ms.  Meredith  believed  everyone   had  the  concerns.  She                                                                    
thought districts  had the concerns even  with educators who                                                                    
had  gone   through  the  more  traditional   pathways.  She                                                                    
explained that districts  remedied the situations internally                                                                    
with   induction   programs,   mentoring,   and   additional                                                                    
professional  development  opportunities for  teachers.  She                                                                    
believed that should a district  utilize the particular type                                                                    
of certificate,  just like with  the type M  currently being                                                                    
used, there  would be additional  supports put in  place for                                                                    
educators that  had been sponsored through  the certificate.                                                                    
She advised  that everyone should  be concerned  with making                                                                    
certain  educators  working   with  students  possessed  the                                                                    
needed  skills.  She relayed  that  the  certificate in  the                                                                    
legislation  and  the  type  M  certificate  recognized  the                                                                    
skills could come to an  individual in a number of different                                                                    
ways.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Josephson viewed  instruction in  indigenous                                                                    
language  very  differently   than  instruction  in  foreign                                                                    
languages. He  noted much of it  had to do with  the history                                                                    
of indigenous peoples the United States.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Vice-Chair  Ortiz referenced  Ms.  Meredith's discussion  of                                                                    
the  similarities  between the  proposed  new  way a  person                                                                    
could  become a  certified teacher  and the  current type  M                                                                    
certificate  process. He  asked  for  verification that  the                                                                    
intent  of the  bill was  to gear  people towards  immersion                                                                    
instruction. He  believed a person  would have to  speak the                                                                    
particular language  fluently and would  need to be  able to                                                                    
teach complex  mathematical and  science subjects.  He asked                                                                    
if there may be a  difference between the type M certificate                                                                    
process and the new proposed process under HB 19.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Ms. Meredith  answered that  it would  always be  a concern.                                                                    
She  believed   that  like  the   type  M   certificate  for                                                                    
vocational education,  there were  some very  complex things                                                                    
being  taught. She  elaborated there  was  expertise in  the                                                                    
districts  that   could  determine  whether  the   level  of                                                                    
expertise  was  present in  the  individual  being asked  to                                                                    
provide  instruction.   She  stated  that  the   bill  would                                                                    
recognize the ability  of a district to  evaluate the levels                                                                    
of skills in a non-traditional way.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Vice-Chair Ortiz referenced  language on page 1  of the bill                                                                    
specifying  that  a  person  may   only  receive  a  limited                                                                    
language immersion  teacher certificate if  they demonstrate                                                                    
instructional   skills   and    subject   matter   expertise                                                                    
sufficient  to  assure  the  public   that  the  person  was                                                                    
competent as a teacher. He asked  if DEED had a vision as to                                                                    
how the  demonstration might take  place prior to  doing the                                                                    
teaching. He  stated that theoretically  a person  would not                                                                    
be teaching prior to having  a certificate. He reasoned that                                                                    
somehow instructional  skills would have to  be demonstrated                                                                    
to someone.  He assumed  the demonstration  would be  over a                                                                    
period of time  versus a one-hour demonstration  in front of                                                                    
a school board.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
3:09:13 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Ms. Meredith answered there had  been some alternative route                                                                    
programs  in  Alaska that  she  had  been involved  in.  She                                                                    
shared  that part  of the  application process  had included                                                                    
sample  teaching lessons.  She elaborated  that much  of the                                                                    
interviewing  and  taking  references  from  other  entities                                                                    
related  to an  individual's expertise,  would fit  into the                                                                    
assurance   component.   She    expounded   that   potential                                                                    
additional  experiences   included  working   with  students                                                                    
outside   of   the   school  system   or   possibly   as   a                                                                    
paraprofessional  that had  been  observed  by the  district                                                                    
prior to making the request.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative  LeBon referenced  the same  sentence in  the                                                                    
bill  as  Vice-Chair  Ortiz  regarding  subject  matter  and                                                                    
expertise. He  provided a scenario  where a  school district                                                                    
via a  school board  was recommending the  certification for                                                                    
an immersion language instructor.  He asked if DEED expected                                                                    
the  school  district  would  define  whether  the  language                                                                    
offered  would   be  considered   a  substitution   for  the                                                                    
traditional  languages offered  (e.g.,  Spanish, French,  or                                                                    
German)  and   whether  credit   for  graduation   would  be                                                                    
received.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Ms.   Meredith   replied   that  the   question   asked   by                                                                    
Representative  LeBon was  more related  to the  high school                                                                    
arena.  She stated  her  understanding  that most  immersion                                                                    
programs  tended to  end around  middle school;  however, it                                                                    
would currently  be up to  the school district  to determine                                                                    
whether an  indigenous language  course would  apply towards                                                                    
graduation credit.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Representative  LeBon replied  that the  answer was  what he                                                                    
expected.  He remarked  that his  daughter's experience  had                                                                    
been Japanese immersion in elementary  and middle school. He                                                                    
elaborated that  the language had  not been offered  in high                                                                    
school; therefore, she had taken French.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
3:12:50 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative Carpenter  looked at  page 2, Section  (f) of                                                                    
the  bill related  to the  extension or  renewal of  limited                                                                    
language  immersion  certificates.   He  remarked  that  two                                                                    
different paths  were being provided,  one for  a non-Alaska                                                                    
Native  language  and one  for  Alaska  Native language.  He                                                                    
believed the bill addressed cumulative  time spent under the                                                                    
certificate  for non-Alaska  Native languages  limited to  a                                                                    
total of  five years. He  stated his understanding  that the                                                                    
Alaska Native  language certificates may exceed  five years.                                                                    
He asked  if the bill  addressed concerns about  the quality                                                                    
of  instruction  when  a traditional  university  degree  or                                                                    
certificate  was  not  required.  He wondered  if  the  bill                                                                    
provided a  check and balance  or review when  a certificate                                                                    
was  renewed. He  saw that  it  was a  requirement for  non-                                                                    
Alaska  Native languages,  but he  thought it  was something                                                                    
that could  potentially slip through  the cracks  [under the                                                                    
legislation].                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tompkins clarified  that the  section                                                                    
referred  to by  Representative  Carpenter was  in a  former                                                                    
committee substitute.  The current  version of the  bill was                                                                    
the  House  Education Committee  version  I,  which did  not                                                                    
include Section  (f) - the  section had been removed  in the                                                                    
previous committee by unanimous vote.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Carpenter confirmed  that the  committee was                                                                    
looking at version B of the legislation.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tomkins shared  that the  only change                                                                    
in the  updated bill  version was  the exclusion  of Section                                                                    
(f).  He  relayed  that the  previous  legislature  did  not                                                                    
include Section  (f) in  the original  version of  the bill.                                                                    
The section  had been added to  the bill in the  House Labor                                                                    
and Commerce Committee in the last legislature.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tomkins  responded to  Representative                                                                    
Carpenter's question.  He explained  the thought  behind the                                                                    
previous inclusion of Section (f)  was that it was perhaps a                                                                    
different set  of circumstances  for Alaska  Native teachers                                                                    
and immersion programs, but for  world language programs the                                                                    
continual renewal  of a limited teacher  certificate was not                                                                    
desired.  He  thought the  situation  was  very unlikely  to                                                                    
happen  for a  variety  of reasons.  He  explained that  the                                                                    
limited certificate was a significant  pain to go through as                                                                    
it required numerous checks and  hurdles. He elaborated that                                                                    
the process required being  sponsored by the superintendent,                                                                    
school  board, and  the  State Board  of  Education and  was                                                                    
initially approved for one year  only. He did not believe it                                                                    
was  very  bankable  for  a   person  to  be  hanging  their                                                                    
livelihood on  such a  precarious certification  process. He                                                                    
believed   there  was   tremendous   incentive  for   anyone                                                                    
certificated  through  the  process  to  be  working  toward                                                                    
traditional certification.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tomkins  relayed  that  he  was  very                                                                    
supportive of  trying to support immersion  programs and the                                                                    
bill  had been  crafted  from a  pragmatic perspective  with                                                                    
what could achieve stakeholder support  and support from the                                                                    
legislature.  He was  concerned the  bill would  not go  far                                                                    
enough  in  terms  of  the  crisis  facing  Native  language                                                                    
education.  The  bill  reflected  that  policymaking  was  a                                                                    
pragmatic   process.  He   elaborated   there  were   myriad                                                                    
incentives,  and  he did  not  believe  a teacher  would  be                                                                    
cycling through  in that way.  He referenced  Ms. Meredith's                                                                    
testimony  in addition  to conversations  he  had with  DEED                                                                    
over the years  and did not believe DEED  would encourage or                                                                    
countenance   someone  cycling   through   in  the   limited                                                                    
certificate  program for  world languages  or otherwise.  He                                                                    
believed  there   was  significant  agency  desire   to  see                                                                    
teachers under traditional certification.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
3:18:59 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Carpenter appreciated  the answer.  He asked                                                                    
about the  timeframe in which the  limited certificate would                                                                    
be evaluated for recertification.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Representative  Kreiss-Tompkins  replied  that  the  initial                                                                    
certificate was one year. He  explained that a person got an                                                                    
audition  or cameo  and  if it  was a  failure  there was  a                                                                    
guaranteed  review that  would  occur within  one year.  The                                                                    
bill would leave it up  to DEED to determine what extensions                                                                    
or recertifications would look like.  He stated that part of                                                                    
the reasoning for the one-year  certificate was to provide a                                                                    
quick follow up to evaluate how things were going.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Merrick  thanked the bill  sponsor and  relayed the                                                                    
bill would be considered again at a later date.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
HB  19  was   HEARD  and  HELD  in   committee  for  further                                                                    
consideration.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
3:20:23 PM                                                                                                                    
AT EASE                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
3:20:52 PM                                                                                                                    
RECONVENED                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                

Document Name Date/Time Subjects
HB 151 Public Testimony by 050321.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 151
HB 151 Amendments 1-2 Rasmussen.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 151
HB034 Additional Info - Air & Space Magazine Article 2.7.2020.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 34
HB034 Additional Info - VHPA Honored 2.7.2020.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 34
HB034 Additional Info - VHPA Website 2.7.2020.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 34
HB034 Additional Info - Vietnam Helicopter Memorial - Time Magazine 2.7.2020.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 34
HB034 Additional Info - Helicopters in Vietnam 2.7.2020.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 34
HB034 Sponsor Statement 2.25.2021.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 34
HB034 Bridge Images 2.7.2020.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 34
HB 157 Legislative Legal Memo 3.31.21.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 157
HB157 Letters of Support 4.28.21.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 157
HB157 Response to (H)STA 4.25.21.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 157
HB157 Sectional Analysis 033121.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 157
HB157 Sponsor Statement 033121.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 157
HB 182 Sponsor Statement.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 182
HB 182 Statute AS 43.77.040.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 182
HB 182 LFD Indirect Expenditure Report 2021 CDQ Credit.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 182
HB 182 Map of Western Alaska Community Development Quota Program Eligible Communities and CDQ Groups.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 182
HB 151Amendment 3 Thompson 050321.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 151
HB 19 ANLPAC Letter .pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 19
HB19 WH Wilson 1-15-2021.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 19
HB 19 Bishop Deena ASD Support 042221.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 19
HB 19 Dashevsky - Letter Support .pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 19
HB 19 AASB Letter of support.pdf HFIN 5/3/2021 1:30:00 PM
HB 19